Diminutive, Augmentative, and Pejorative Suffixes in Spanish

I'm reading the book ¡Exacto! A Practical Guide to Spanish Grammar which I like because it goes into more depth on the topics than what I've heard before (even though I feel like a have a pretty good grasp of Spanish grammar). The end of the first chapter (on nouns) had a section on diminutive, augmentative, and pejorative suffixes in Spanish. I'm familiar with at least the diminutives, but it does not appear in the index in my textbook. So there is a lot for me to learn.

First, we do have diminutives in English. When you add -y or -ie to a word to get something like doggie, cutie, or horsie (not to mention Debbie), you can see that it can mean something small or be an endearment. It can also be a way to be more friendly, to talk to kids, and make other subtle changes in meaning. These are much more common in Spanish than English, plus you can add these endings to adjectives, adverbs, and verbs as well as nouns and you can have diminutives of diminutives (to make them extra tiny and cute). Plus there are augmentative suffixes you can use to indicate something is big or undesirable. And sometimes the new word ends up with a whole new meaning.

I really only knew the diminutive ending -ito/-ita, which I liked to translate as "cute little [whatever]." But there is so much more. Rather than write a bunch of this stuff out for you, let me refer you to the Fluent Spanish article, Latch On: 18 Spanish Suffixes You’ll Never Want to Let Go Of (#1-9). It looks like the suffixes starting with -i or -e (or -ue) are diminutive and the ones starting with -o, -a, -u are augmentative and/or pejorative.

I actually don't recognize many of the words I've seen in the examples. But I do recognize some.

Diminutive/endearing/belittling suffixes:
* ahorita (right now, in a second) from ahora (now)
* pañuelo (handkerchief) from paño (cloth)
* juguete (toy) from juego (game)
* tortilla from torta (cake)
* the ever-popular pobrecito (poor thing) from pobre (poor) (when our Spanish teachers caught us complaining)
* and my personal favorite: Venezuela (little Venice)

Augmentative/pejorative suffixes:
* sillón (armchair) from silla (chair)
* ratón (mouse) from rata (rat)
* cinturón (belt) from cintura (waist)
* padrastro, madrastra (stepfather, stepmother) from padre/madre (father/mother)
* um, cajones (apparently also means drawers) from caja (box)

Fun ones I've found:

Diminutive/endearing/belittling suffixes:
* puertito (little door or doggy door) from puerto (door)
* cochecito (baby stroller) from coche (car)
* balancín (seesaw) from balanza (scale, balance)
* caballitos (merry-go-round) from caballo (horse)
* reyezuelo (petty king) from rey (king)

Augmentative/pejorative suffix:
* abogaducho (awful lawyer) from abogado (lawyer)

Other useful ones:

Diminutive/endearing/belittling suffixes:
* momentito (just a moment) from momento (moment)
* segundito (just a second) from segundo (second)
* ratito (in a jiffy) from rato (time)
* mañanita (early morning) from mañana (morning)
* nuevecito (brand new) from nueve (new)
* dolorcito (tiny ache) from dolor (pain)
* mentirita (fib) from mentira (lie)
* manecilla (clock hand) from mano (hand)
* bolsillo (pocket) from bolso (bag)

Augmentative/pejorative suffixes:
* cucharón (ladle) from cuchara (spoon)
* casón (manor house) from casa (house)
* exitazo (great success) from exito (success)
* mirón/mirona (nosy, snoopy) from mirar (to look, to watch)
* apagón (a blackout, a sudden cutoff of electric power) from apagar (to switch off, to turn off)